Brachiocephalic Vein Injury Leading to Massive Hemothorax Following the Insertion of a Tunneled Dialysis Catheter Requiring Surgical Intervention for Repair: Report of a Rare Case.

Dialysis catheters are commonly used tools for patients requiring hemodialysis. A dilator with a large caliber is used to insert such a catheter, which in turn can result in serious vascular injury leading to rare complications like hemothorax. Common treatment options for such vascular injuries comprise surgical repair by thoracotomy or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and endovascular repair. We herein report a case of a brachiocephalic vein injury and massive right-sided hemothorax following the insertion of a tunneled dialysis catheter in the right internal jugular vein, treated successfully by our team at Square Hospitals Ltd.