Hyaluronic Acid Increase Anti-Inflammatory and Regenerative Effects of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in an Interstitial Cystitis Rat Model.

To study the effects of pre-treating adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) with hyaluronic acid (HA) in a rat model of interstitial cystitis (IC). Fifty female rats were dividing into 5 groups: Sham treatment, IC, HA, ADMSCs, and HA-preconditioned ADMSCs. No treatments were administered in the sham and IC groups. Two weeks after treatment, rats were sacrificed and samples of blood and bladder tissue were collected for gene expression analysis, flow cytometry, histopathology and immunohistochemical staining. Preconditioning of ADMSCs with HA led to downregulation in inflammatory markers including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The HA-preconditioned ADMSCs group showed significant reduction in T-lymphocyte markers (CD4, CD3/Pd-1and Pdl-1) and natural killer cell marker (CD56) positive cells (P < 0.001). The histological examination showed regenerated urothelium in the HA-preconditioned ADMSCs group. Preconditioning ADMSCs with HA greatly improves their anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties in experimental IC. This integrated therapy approach holds potential as a prospective cell-based intervention for IC.