Acute Renal Failure Caused by Undiagnosed Pelvic Organ Prolapse in a Postmenopausal Woman: A Diagnosis Not to Be Missed.

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common condition mainly affecting postmenopausal women, characterized by the descent of pelvic organs through the vaginal canal. While often asymptomatic, POP can manifest with various symptoms such as a painless bulge or pressure sensation, abdominal pain, urinary complaints, and discomfort during intercourse. Severe cases can lead to urinary tract obstruction, hydronephrosis, and renal dysfunction. This case study presents an elderly female with bilateral severe hydronephrosis and pyelonephritis due to undiagnosed POP. Imaging revealed obstructive uropathy resulting from bilateral ureteric compression caused by cystocele and uterine prolapse. The patient's condition improved with antibiotics and supportive management. A vaginal hysterectomy was performed, which led to the resolution of the urinary tract obstruction. This case emphasizes the importance of considering POP in elderly women with urinary symptoms and the need for proactive screening. It highlights the significance of appropriate management to prevent irreversible renal damage. Different treatment modalities, including surgery and pessaries, are discussed, to emphasize the significance of tailoring treatments to individual patient characteristics.