Pseudo-Meigs Syndrome Caused by a Giant Uterine Leiomyoma with Cystic Degeneration: A Case Report.

Pseudo-Meigs syndrome is defined as secondary accumulation of ascites and hydrothorax associated with a pelvic tumor other than benign ovarian tumors such as fibroma, which usually resolve after surgical removal of the tumor. Here we report a case of pseudo-Meigs syndrome caused by a giant uterine leiomyoma, which was initially suspected to be ovarian cancer. A 37-year-old nulliparous woman presented with a 5-month history of abdominal distension and anorexia. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a giant cystic lesion and solid mass in the peritoneal cavity, along with plentiful ascites. Chest X-ray images showed a small pleural effusion on the right side. The patient was referred to our hospital for treatment of suspected ovarian cancer and peritonitis carcinomatosis. Although serum CA125 level was elevated (up to 331.8 U/mL), magnetic resonance imaging showed a giant sub-serosal uterine leiomyoma with cystic degeneration (27 × 15 × 13 cm). A small dermoid cyst was also detected in the right ovary. Ascites was drained and the patient underwent myomectomy and ovarian cystectomy. The patient had a degenerated leiomyoma with no pathological evidence of malignancy. Because symptoms disappeared postoperatively and serum CA125 returned to normal, without recurrence of ascites, pseudo-Meigs syndrome was diagnosed.