Periprosthetic femoral fractures.

The incidence of periprosthetic femoral fractures is rising in the UK, because of an ageing population and an increasing number of hip arthroplasty operations being performed. They can occur intra- or postoperatively, and usually follow low energy trauma. They present with pain, swelling over the thigh, and an inability to weight bear. Periprosthetic femoral fractures are usually classified as per the unified classification system. Their management usually is dependent on their classification, with type A (fracture at level of greater or lesser trochanter) managed non-operatively with protected weight bearing, type B (fracture adjacent to implant) managed with either open reduction internal fixation or revision surgery, and type C (fracture distal to implant) managed with open reduction internal fixation. Owing to their complexity, these patients must be adequately optimised before surgery and appropriately rehabilitated.