Common Difficulties and Complications of Circular External Fixation in the Foot and Ankle.

Circular external fixators are versatile tools for the treatment of various foot and ankle pathologies including fractures, deformities, and limb lengthening. Nevertheless, their use presents various challenges and complications ranging from pin-site infections to serious situations, such as joint dislocation. Understanding and anticipating these problems through proper evaluation and planning allows orthopedic surgeons to significantly reduce the incidence of complications and ensure better outcomes in the treatment of foot and ankle conditions using circular external fixators.