Mood and the menstrual cycle.

A majority of women are aware of menstrual cycle-related changes in mood and behaviour. Psychiatric disorders may also be influenced by the menstrual cycle. A premenstrual tension syndrome has been described. Research into the prevalence, aetiology and management of this condition has been hampered by additions and alterations to the original description and methodological difficulties involved in menstrual cycle research. Biological, psychological and sociological theories have been proposed to explain menstrual cycle-related mood changes. Our own studies have found evidence of ovarian steroid disturbances, and impaired psychological functioning in women with the premenstrual syndrome. Therapeutic approaches must consider both aspects. Medication often makes the patient more accessible and receptive to regimens aimed at increasing coping skills. More vigorous research into this disorder is needed.