Open Reduction Internal Fixation of Simple Versus Comminuted Radial Head Fractures: Comparison of Clinical Outcomes.

PURPOSE: Current teaching suggests that modified Mason type III and IV fractures of the radial head involving more than 3 fragments should be treated with radial head arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcome of simple (2 or fewer intra-articular pieces) versus comminuted (3 or more intra-articular pieces) radial head fractures treated with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF).

METHODS

This was a retrospective review of 35 patients with modified Mason type III and IV fractures treated with ORIF. For the purpose of our study, simple fractures were defined as having 2 or fewer intra-articular fragments. Comminuted fractures were defined as having 3 or more intra-articular fragments. The primary outcomes were Broberg and Morrey rating system and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) scores. Reoperation rates and complications were also noted.

RESULTS

Thirty-five patients were evaluated, with a mean follow-up of 39.3 months. Thirteen patients had radial head fractures consisting of 2 or fewer intra-articular fragments. Twenty-two patients had radial head fractures consisting of 3 or more intra-articular fragments. Ages and follow-up times were similar in the 2 groups. Similar QuickDASH and Broberg and Morrey scores were seen when evaluating subgroups of 2, 3, and 4 fragment fractures. One patient from each group underwent revision surgery for symptomatic hardware.

CONCLUSIONS

In our series, we found similar clinical outcome scores and reoperation rates between simple and comminuted radial head fractures treated with ORIF. Fractures with more than 3 intra-articular fragments can be considered for ORIF.

TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic IV.