Obesity and Upper Aerodigestive Dysfunction: Voice, Swallowing, Reflux, and Airway Considerations in Laryngology.

Obesity alters upper aerodigestive physiology through changes in respiratory mechanics, upper airway stability, reflux burden, esophageal clearance, gastric emptying, and systemic inflammation. These changes may contribute to a myriad of voice, swallowing, and airway pathologies. This article examines the relationship between obesity and upper aerodigestive tract disorders, focusing on voice, swallowing, reflux, airway mechanics, perioperative/postoperative risks, and management relevant to laryngologists and comprehensive otolaryngologists alike.