Microvascular diseases predict mortality and cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes: A retrospective cohort study.

AIMS: To determine whether the burden of microvascular diseases (MiVDs) will affect macrovascular outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

METHODS

We analyzed data from a quality survey in Taiwan from 2018 to 2022. Individuals with type 2 diabetes (n = 4,527) were categorized by MiVDs count-zero (group 0), one (group 1), or two or more (group 2), including diabetic kidney disease, retinopathy, and neuropathy. The primary outcome was the incidence of stroke, myocardial infarction, and death.

RESULTS

During a median 3.3-year follow-up, the incidence rates of the primary outcome were 13.07, 22.98, and 35.52 per 1,000 person-years for groups 0, 1, and 2. The risk of the primary outcome increased with MiVDs count, with group 2 having the greatest risk (HR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.16-2.59). Regarding secondary outcomes, similar trends were observed but only group 2 showed significantly higher risks of stroke (HR: 2.61; 95% CI: 1.19-5.73) and myocardial infarction (HR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.03-2.70).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with type 2 diabetes who exhibit more MiVDs will have higher mortality and cardiovascular risk, and require tailored preventive strategies.