Labor characteristics and maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with gestational hypertension or mild preeclampsia who underwent labor induction.

BACKGROUND

To investigate the labor characteristics and maternal-neonatal outcomes associated with induction of labour (IOL) in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), as well as to identify the risk factors for the failed induction of labor.

MATERIAL AND

METHODS

This cohort study enrolled 425 pregnant women who underwent IOL, and they were divided into two groups: the HDP group and the normotensive pregnancies group. Labor induction characteristics, interventions and maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify the risk factors for the failed IOL.

RESULTS

Compared to the control group, the HDP group exhibited a significantly higher rate of cesarean section (CS), and newborns in the HDP group were more likely to be transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit (P < 0.05). There was little difference in labor durations and intrapartum interventions between the two groups of women with successful IOL, except for a higher rate of mediolateral episiotomy in the HDP group. Parity (OR 0.201; 95 % CI 0.053 to 0.763), bishop score (OR 0.658; 95 % CI 0.512 to 0.845), birth weight (OR 1.001; 95 % CI 1.000 to 1.002), and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) (OR 2.502; 95 % CI 1.374 to 4.559) were identified as factors associated with an increased risk of failed IOL.

CONCLUSIONS

Women with HDP exhibited an increased risk of CS rate and mediolateral episiotomy after IOL compared to those with normotensive pregnancies, while the characteristics of induced labor, most intrapartum interventions and maternal and neonatal outcomes were similar.