Occult ovarian carcinoid in pregnancy: a case report and literature review.

Carcinoid tumor is a rare neuroendocrine neoplasm, and primary ovarian carcinoid is extremely uncommon. Ovarian carcinoid during pregnancy is exceptionally rare and diagnostically challenging. We report the case of a 30-year-old primigravida who underwent cesarean section for fetal distress, during which a left ovarian cyst was incidentally found. Pathological examination revealed a mature cystic teratoma with carcinoid (trabecular type). The patient underwent laparoscopic adnexectomy six weeks after cesarean delivery with curative intent. Final pathological staging was FIGO IA. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were favorable, with no evidence of recurrence during 18 months of follow-up. This case highlights the clinicopathological features, diagnostic challenges, management strategies, and prognosis of ovarian carcinoid during pregnancy and aims to enhance clinical awareness.