A Narrative Review of Psychological and Physical Rehabilitation in Infertility Treatment: Toward Holistic Outcomes Beyond Conception.

Infertility is a complex health issue that extends beyond biological mechanisms, encompassing significant psychological, relational, and social aspects. Advances in assisted reproductive technologies have improved the chances of conception, yet many couples discontinue treatment due to stress, stigma, and reduced quality of life. This narrative review explores the role of rehabilitation as a complementary approach to conventional fertility care, highlighting psychological, physical, and integrated interventions. Psychological rehabilitation strategies, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based interventions, and couple-focused counseling, have been shown to reduce anxiety and depression, improve coping, and, in some cases, support better adherence to fertility treatments. Physical rehabilitation approaches, including pelvic floor muscle training, structured exercise for women with polycystic ovary syndrome, lifestyle and fitness interventions for men, yoga, and sexual rehabilitation, contribute to reproductive health, reduce pain, and enhance intimacy. Integrated models that combine psychological and physical components show the greatest promise, as they address the interaction between stress, physical function, and reproductive outcomes. Overall, the evidence suggests that infertility care should not focus solely on achieving conception. Rehabilitation offers opportunities to strengthen emotional resilience, improve sexual health, and support relationship stability, ensuring that patients benefit not only medically but also in terms of long-term well-being and quality of life.