Exploring the Application of HoloLens Mixed Reality Combined with Eye Tracking and Visual Perception Technologies in Pediatric Orthopedic 3D Education.

This narrative review evaluates the current status, potential value, key challenges, and future directions of Microsoft HoloLens 2 mixed reality (MR) technology, with a particular focus on its built-in eye tracking and visual perception functions, in the context of pediatric orthopedic three-dimensional model teaching. Relevant literature on medical education and surgical training was integrated to examine the technical features, teaching practices, and educational implications of HoloLens MR. Existing studies indicate that MR technology can enhance learners' spatial understanding and operative skills; eye tracking supports the quantification of learning processes and personalized feedback, while visual perception technologies improve immersion and interactivity. However, limitations remain regarding hardware performance, content development costs, quality of research evidence, privacy concerns, and ecological sustainability. The application of HoloLens MR in pediatric orthopedic education holds broad prospects. Its sustainable integration into medical education will depend on advances in hardware, integration of artificial intelligence, expansion of remote collaboration, and the establishment of standardized evaluation systems.