Recent Developments in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Disseminated and Rare Melanoma with Radiotheranostics.

Disseminated melanoma, particularly of rare subtypes such as mucosal or uveal melanoma, is a difficult to treat, deadly disease characterized by poor median survival and resistance to a wide range of treatments. Despite new approvals, such as novel immunotherapeutics, there is a significant need for effective therapeutic modalities. Given the successes in the development of targeted radiopharmaceutical diagnostic agents and therapies for other cancers (the so-called theranostics), assessing the efficacy of these strategies in the context of melanoma appears as the next logical step. Here we aim to provide an overview of recent advances in the development of preclinical and clinical melanoma-specific radiopharmaceuticals. Where applicable, we will highlight their relevance in the context of rare subtypes of melanoma.