Use of multiple clips for tubal occlusion in interval laparoscopic sterilization: circumstances and consequences.

The use of multiple clips for the occlusion of the Fallopian tubes has been reported in interval laparoscopic sterilization, but the circumstances leading to the performance of the multiple-clip procedure and its effects on safety and efficacy have not been carefully studied. A data set from international multi-center clinical trials of Filshie clips and Wolf (Hulka) clips was used to examine the possible reasons for performing this procedure for 102 women. Their complications, complaints, and surgical and post-surgical events before discharge and during one month of follow-up were compared with those of the 408 women whose tubes were occluded by single clip. Results indicate that multiple clips were most often used when surgical difficulties (and to a much lesser degree, tubal and/or mesosalpingeal injury) were encountered during the sterilization procedure. No increased risk of short-term complications or complaints (including pelvic pain) was found at one-month follow-up for those patients who received multiple clips.