Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2026
Longitudinal stability of dietary intake patterns in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis: A multicenter prospective cohort study.
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Virupakshaiah Akash, Schoeps Vinicius A, Chang Gina, Waltz Michael, Race Jonathan, Mar Soe, Francisco Carla, Casper T Charles, Rose John, Rodriguez Moses, Tillema Jan-Mendelt, Chitnis Tanuja, Gorman Mark P, Benson Leslie A, Graves Jennifer S, Rensel Mary, Abrams Aaron, Krupp Lauren B, O'Neill Kimberly A, Lotze Timothy E, Aaen Gregory, Wheeler Yolanda, Schreiner Teri, Waldman Amy T, Chong Janet, Titcomb Tyler J, Tremlett Helen, Waubant Emmanuelle
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Diet may influence MS activity, but most studies use a single dietary measure. The stability of diet over time in pediatric-onset MS (POMS) is unclear.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the reproducibility and short-term temporal stability of dietary intake in youth with POMS using repeated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ).
METHODS: This longitudinal study included participants with a baseline FFQ (the Block Kids Food Screener, 2014). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were estimated using random-intercept mixed-effects models to quantify the relative contributions of between-person and within-person variability. Temporal trends in intake were assessed by modeling time since baseline as a fixed effect, using log-transformed dietary variables to estimate percent change over time.
RESULTS: Of 419 FFQs from 195 participants, 140 (71.8%) completed ≥2 FFQs over a median of 6.5 months (range 2.8-18). ICCs ranged from 0.41 to 0.78 across dietary measures, with the highest reproducibility observed for vegetables and fiber (ICCs 0.78 and 0.72). Log-transformed models showed small declines in several nutrients over time, corresponding to <10% change over a six-month period.
CONCLUSIONS: Dietary intake demonstrated moderate to good reproducibility over the 6 to 18 month follow-up period. Vegetable and fiber intake had the strongest reliability. These findings suggest that reported dietary intake assessed by a single or infrequent FFQ may remain reasonably stable over a 6- to 18-month period in longitudinal POMS studies. However, the moderate-to-good reproducibility observed indicates that within-person variability persists and may attenuate diet-disease associations when only a single dietary assessment is available.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the reproducibility and short-term temporal stability of dietary intake in youth with POMS using repeated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ).
METHODS: This longitudinal study included participants with a baseline FFQ (the Block Kids Food Screener, 2014). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were estimated using random-intercept mixed-effects models to quantify the relative contributions of between-person and within-person variability. Temporal trends in intake were assessed by modeling time since baseline as a fixed effect, using log-transformed dietary variables to estimate percent change over time.
RESULTS: Of 419 FFQs from 195 participants, 140 (71.8%) completed ≥2 FFQs over a median of 6.5 months (range 2.8-18). ICCs ranged from 0.41 to 0.78 across dietary measures, with the highest reproducibility observed for vegetables and fiber (ICCs 0.78 and 0.72). Log-transformed models showed small declines in several nutrients over time, corresponding to <10% change over a six-month period.
CONCLUSIONS: Dietary intake demonstrated moderate to good reproducibility over the 6 to 18 month follow-up period. Vegetable and fiber intake had the strongest reliability. These findings suggest that reported dietary intake assessed by a single or infrequent FFQ may remain reasonably stable over a 6- to 18-month period in longitudinal POMS studies. However, the moderate-to-good reproducibility observed indicates that within-person variability persists and may attenuate diet-disease associations when only a single dietary assessment is available.