Phytochemical Profiling and Pharmacological Evaluation of Dichloromethane Extract From Aerial Parts of Ferula ferulaeoides for Antithrombotic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Analgesic Activities.

This study aims to elucidate the chemical composition of the dichloromethane extract from the aerial parts of Ferula ferulaeoides (DEAFF) and to explore its biological activities. The composition of DEAFF was analyzed by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS. Then, the carrageenan-induced tail thrombosis model, xylene-induced ear swelling model, and acetic acid-induced writhing model were established to evaluate the relevant activities of DEAFF. Network pharmacology research and molecular docking were conducted to elucidate the pathways and key targets underlying the multiple activities of DEAFF. A total of 30 chemical constituents were tentatively identified in DEAFF based on UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS analysis. Pharmacodynamic results showed that DEAFF significantly reduced the proportion of thrombus in the tail of mice, effectively alleviated ear swelling, improved the degree of ear tissue lesions, and significantly reduced the number of writhing movements in mice, indicating that it has multiple pharmacological effects such as antithrombosis, anti-inflammation, and analgesia. Network pharmacology studies have shown that multiple pathways such as the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the MAPK signaling pathway play a crucial role in the pharmacological effects of DEAFF. In this study, the chemical components of DEAFF were preliminarily identified, and its effects on thrombosis prevention, anti-inflammation, and analgesia were systematically investigated.