Perinatal outcome of in vitro fertilization pregnancies in women with polycystic ovary syndrome by pregravid BMI.

OBJECTIVES

Given the adverse effects of either polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or overweight/obesity, one could speculate that patients with both would fare worse than others. We sought to evaluate the relationship between pregravid BMI and pregnancy complications in PCOS patients conceived by assisted reproductive techniques (ART).

METHODS

Maternal and fetal/neonatal outcomes of singleton pregnancies after assisted reproduction in women with and without PCOS were compared by pregravid body mass index (BMI, <24.9 vs. ≥25 kg/cm2).

RESULTS

The study population comprised 185 with a BMI <24.9 kg/cm2 including 39 (21%) with PCOS and 146 (79%) without. We also included 84 patients with BMI ≥25 kg/cm2, involving 34 (40.5%) with PCOS and 50 (59.5%) without. PCOS (total 73 patients) was significantly more common among overweight/obese patients, OR 2.5 (95% CI 1.4, 4.4). Neonates >4,000 g were born only to the overweight/obese mothers in the PCOS group. A higher incidence of gestational diabetes, chronic hypertension, and gestational hypertension was related to pregravid overweight/obesity rather than PCOS.

CONCLUSIONS

In this specific subgroup of patients conceived after assisted reproduction, pregravid BMI>25 kg/cm2 rather than PCOS itself appears to be associated with GDM and hypertensive disorders.