BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026
Unlocking the potential of bronchoalveolar lavage: a promising supplement therapy for moderate-to-severe allergic asthma.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Yu Minghui, Zhang Lu, Pang Zhigang, Liu Minna, Liu Rou, Yao Qi, Yin Kai, Chen Xiaoxue, Li Lei, Zhang Huanping
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Bronchoalveolar lavage holds potential therapeutic value for moderate-to-severe asthma that is poorly controlled with standard nebulizer therapy. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) as an adjunctive therapy in patients with moderate-to-severe allergic asthma inadequately controlled by standard inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta₂-agonists therapy.
METHODS: In this retrospective study conducted between July 2021 and December 2024, eligible patients were allocated to a control group receiving standard high-pressure nebulizer therapy or a study group receiving additional BAL. Outcomes included changes in asthma symptom scores, pulmonary function, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels, adverse events, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid pathogen distribution.
RESULTS: The study group demonstrated significantly greater improvement in subjective symptom scores and small airway function parameters compared to controls (P < 0.05). This superiority was particularly pronounced in a predefined subgroup with more severe impairment (FEV1% pred < 50%, FVC% pred < 80%, FEV1/FVC < 65%). No significant differences were observed in FeNO levels or overall adverse event incidence (P > 0.05). BALF analysis in 72 study patients identified 43 distinct pathogens (detection rate: 39.8%), predominantly bacterial species (72.1%).
CONCLUSION: Adjunctive BAL significantly improved lung function, especially in small airways, without increasing adverse reactions, demonstrating a favorable safety profile in patients with uncontrolled allergic asthma, supports BAL's potential as a therapeutic procedure.
METHODS: In this retrospective study conducted between July 2021 and December 2024, eligible patients were allocated to a control group receiving standard high-pressure nebulizer therapy or a study group receiving additional BAL. Outcomes included changes in asthma symptom scores, pulmonary function, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels, adverse events, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid pathogen distribution.
RESULTS: The study group demonstrated significantly greater improvement in subjective symptom scores and small airway function parameters compared to controls (P < 0.05). This superiority was particularly pronounced in a predefined subgroup with more severe impairment (FEV1% pred < 50%, FVC% pred < 80%, FEV1/FVC < 65%). No significant differences were observed in FeNO levels or overall adverse event incidence (P > 0.05). BALF analysis in 72 study patients identified 43 distinct pathogens (detection rate: 39.8%), predominantly bacterial species (72.1%).
CONCLUSION: Adjunctive BAL significantly improved lung function, especially in small airways, without increasing adverse reactions, demonstrating a favorable safety profile in patients with uncontrolled allergic asthma, supports BAL's potential as a therapeutic procedure.