The current clinical landscape of preterm infants less than 32 weeks of gestation receiving delivery room chest compression in Jiangsu Province, China.

OBJECTIVE

To provide an updated review of the clinical profile and outcomes of delivery room chest compression (DR-CC) in China.

METHOD: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from 23 neonatal intensive care units in Jiangsu, China (2019-2021). Antepartum, delivery room, and postpartum variables in DR-CC-receiving and no-DR-CC groups were compared using uni- and multivariate analyses. The main outcome measure was survival without major morbidities at discharge.

RESULTS

Among 2120 preterm infants of <32 weeks gestational age, 112 (5.39%) received DR-CCs. Forty-two (37.50%) DR-CC-group infants survived without major morbidities at discharge, compared with 1299 (66.17%) no-DR-CC-group infants. The DR-CC group had a lower adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of survival without major morbidities (0.53 [0.31, 0.89]). In secondary outcomes, infants who received DR-CCs had more in-hospital mortality (AOR:1.95[1.12, 3.40]) and a significant increase in the rate of grade 3/4 intraventricular hemorrhage / periventricular leukomalacia or death (AOR: 2.35[1.40, 3.95]), ≥ moderate bronchopulmonary dysplasia or death (AOR: 2.02[1.21, 3.37]), ≥ stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity or death (AOR: 2.22[1.33, 3.69]), ≥ stage 2 necrotizing enterocolitis or death (AOR: 1.83[1.09, 3.07]) and late-onset sepsis or death (AOR:1.66[1.02, 2.70]). In DR-CC-group infants, use of a T-piece resuscitator, noninvasive respiratory support, and higher gestational age significantly influenced survival without morbidities.

CONCLUSION

This multicenter cohort study revealed the clinical landscape of preterm infants (<32 weeks gestational age) receiving DR-CCs, showing lower survival rates without major morbidities compared to those not receiving DR-CCs.