Updates in surgery · 2025
Impact of trauma severity scales in bullfighting injuries management.
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Torres-Jurado Manuel José, Gómez-López Juan Ramón, Trujillo-Díaz Jeancarlos Jhosmer, Benítez-Riesco Ana, Concejo-Cutoli María Pilar, Vicente-González Laura, Vaquero Carlos, Martín-Del Olmo Juan Carlos
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Bullfighting-related trauma, common in rural Spain, often results in polytrauma requiring urgent care. This study evaluates the management and outcomes of bullfighting-related trauma at a level I hospital in Medina del Campo, Spain.
METHODS: A retrospective study of 154 patients with bullfighting-related trauma from 1998 to 2024 was conducted. Patients were classified by trauma severity using the New Injury Severity Score (NISS): mild (MT), moderate (MoT), moderate-severe (MST), and severe (ST). Demographic data, injury characteristics, surgical procedures, complications, and outcomes were analyzed, with comparisons made using trauma severity scales (RTS, AIS, ISS, NISS).
RESULTS: The cohort had a mean age of 32 years (IQR 23-52), with a male predominance (97%). Open trauma (74.7%) was most common, especially goring (85.1%) to the lower extremities and pelvis. Significant findings included fewer deep goring injuries in MT (77% vs. 100%, p = 0.013) and more lower extremity injuries in MT (65% vs. 44%, p < 0.001). Mortality was higher in the ST group (p < 0.001), with one intraoperative death. Surgical intervention was needed in 92.2% of cases, and the reoperation rate was higher in the ST group (p < 0.001). The NISS scale effectively predicted severity, with MT having a median NISS of 5 (IQR 4-9) compared to 57 in the ST group (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Bullfighting-related trauma often requires urgent care, and the NISS scale is effective in predicting injury severity. Early surgical intervention improves outcomes. Further multicenter studies are needed to confirm these findings.
METHODS: A retrospective study of 154 patients with bullfighting-related trauma from 1998 to 2024 was conducted. Patients were classified by trauma severity using the New Injury Severity Score (NISS): mild (MT), moderate (MoT), moderate-severe (MST), and severe (ST). Demographic data, injury characteristics, surgical procedures, complications, and outcomes were analyzed, with comparisons made using trauma severity scales (RTS, AIS, ISS, NISS).
RESULTS: The cohort had a mean age of 32 years (IQR 23-52), with a male predominance (97%). Open trauma (74.7%) was most common, especially goring (85.1%) to the lower extremities and pelvis. Significant findings included fewer deep goring injuries in MT (77% vs. 100%, p = 0.013) and more lower extremity injuries in MT (65% vs. 44%, p < 0.001). Mortality was higher in the ST group (p < 0.001), with one intraoperative death. Surgical intervention was needed in 92.2% of cases, and the reoperation rate was higher in the ST group (p < 0.001). The NISS scale effectively predicted severity, with MT having a median NISS of 5 (IQR 4-9) compared to 57 in the ST group (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Bullfighting-related trauma often requires urgent care, and the NISS scale is effective in predicting injury severity. Early surgical intervention improves outcomes. Further multicenter studies are needed to confirm these findings.