Effects of a video-feedback intervention on parenting behavior and state anxiety in mothers of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities.

Neurodevelopmental disability (ND) poses a significant challenge to infants' socio-emotional and cognitive development, as well as to caregiving dynamics, such as parental sensitivity and mother-infant interaction. Prior research highlights the crucial role of early parenting support interventions in enhancing parental behaviors, serving as a protective developmental factor for children at risk for or diagnosed with ND. This single-cohort, multicentric study aims to evaluate the efficacy of early video-feedback intervention (VFI) in improving maternal parenting behaviors. Thirty-four mothers with their children diagnosed with ND participated in the study. Different dimensions of parenting behavior (i.e., affection, responsiveness, encouragement, teaching) were assessed during 10-minute mother-infant interactions, both before (T0) and after (T1) completing six weekly VFI sessions. Additionally, mothers completed standardized questionnaires assessing parenting stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. The results indicated significant improvements in maternal responsiveness, encouragement, and teaching following the intervention. Furthermore, mothers reported a state anxiety reduction at T1. Additionally, higher scores in affection and responsiveness were correlated with reduced maternal stress. These findings support the utility of VFI as a valuable tool for enhancing positive parenting skills in the context of ND, and provide insights into the dyadic processes through which parenting behaviors may promote socio-emotional and cognitive development in children with ND.