Placental Role in Fetal Neonatal Neurologic Outcomes.

Neuroplacentology explores the intricate relationship between the placenta, fetal brain development, and long-term neurologic outcomes. As the primary interface between mother and fetus, the placenta regulates the transfer of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products essential for growth and development. Disruptions in placental function and maternal conditions, such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction, can lead to preterm birth and brain injury. This neuro-placentology review highlights the impact of placental dysfunction on prematurity, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and congenital heart disease in the neonatal intensive care unit.