Efficacy of locally infiltrated amides as local anesthesia in arterial puncture for blood gas analysis: A systematic review.

AIM: To assess the efficacy of infiltrated amides in reducing pain caused by arterial puncture for blood gas analysis.

METHOD: A search protocol was developed and applied across four databases (Medline, SCOPUS, Embase, and TRIP Database). Clinical trials published between January 2000 and May 2024, in either Spanish or English, were considered. Clinical trials comparing the analgesic efficacy of infiltrated amides in adult patients undergoing arterial puncture were selected.

RESULTS

Five randomised clinical trials were selected, with sample sizes ranging from 10 to 133 adult patients per randomization group. The studies showed mixed results regarding the efficacy of infiltrated amides in reducing pain associated with arterial puncture. Two studies highlighted mepivacaine for its pain reduction efficacy, while the other three demonstrated variable efficacy of lidocaine.

CONCLUSIONS

The efficacy of infiltrated amides as local anaesthetics in arterial puncture for blood gas analysis varies. Mepivacaine appears promising; however, further studies are needed to establish clear recommendations. It is crucial to consider patient preferences and professional experience when deciding on the use of these anaesthetics.