Clinical and experimental dental research · 2024
Tumor Metastasis to the Oral Soft Tissues and Jaw Bones: A Retrospective Study and Review of the Literature.
СтатьяОбзорПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Pakfetrat Atessa, Dalirsani Zohreh, Saghravanian Nasrollah, Anvari Kazem, Asalian Sajede, Salehi Armaghan, Taherizadeh Mahboobeh
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: Metastasis to the oral soft tissues and jaw is rare and accounts for 1%-3% of maxillofacial malignancies. These lesions usually occur in the context of an extensive malignant tumor with a poor prognosis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Archived cases from the Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department of the Faculty of Dentistry and two hospital centers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were examined. Inclusion criteria were cases with available records of pathologically confirmed metastatic lesions of the oral cavity with or without diagnosed primary malignancy.
RESULTS: Metastatic lesions in the oral cavity and jaw were found in 18 patients, including seven women and 11 men, with a mean age of 49.5 years. Metastatic lesions were more common in the jaw (66%) and particularly in the mandible (38%) than elsewhere. In the case of soft tissue metastases, the gingiva was more affected than other sites. The primary tumor was most commonly in the kidney in men and in the breast in women (36%-28%). In addition, the diagnosis of a metastatic lesion led to the detection of the primary tumor elsewhere in six out of 18 cases (33.3%).
CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis of the lesions is challenging, given the absence of specific signs or symptoms, which, in some cases, nonetheless resemble inflammatory, benign, reactive lesions. Therefore, dentists play a crucial role in diagnosing such lesions, as they lead to the discovery of hidden distant primary tumors. Biopsy should always be considered for suspicious lesions, even if the probability is very low.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Archived cases from the Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department of the Faculty of Dentistry and two hospital centers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were examined. Inclusion criteria were cases with available records of pathologically confirmed metastatic lesions of the oral cavity with or without diagnosed primary malignancy.
RESULTS: Metastatic lesions in the oral cavity and jaw were found in 18 patients, including seven women and 11 men, with a mean age of 49.5 years. Metastatic lesions were more common in the jaw (66%) and particularly in the mandible (38%) than elsewhere. In the case of soft tissue metastases, the gingiva was more affected than other sites. The primary tumor was most commonly in the kidney in men and in the breast in women (36%-28%). In addition, the diagnosis of a metastatic lesion led to the detection of the primary tumor elsewhere in six out of 18 cases (33.3%).
CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis of the lesions is challenging, given the absence of specific signs or symptoms, which, in some cases, nonetheless resemble inflammatory, benign, reactive lesions. Therefore, dentists play a crucial role in diagnosing such lesions, as they lead to the discovery of hidden distant primary tumors. Biopsy should always be considered for suspicious lesions, even if the probability is very low.