Early human development · 2026
Early motor repertoire and motor development at 1, 2 and 5 years in infants born very preterm: A prospective cohort study.
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Finlayson Francyne, Olsen Joy E, Kwong Amanda, Einspieler Christa, Guzzetta Andrea, Mainzer Rheanna M, Spittle Alicia
Аннотация
AIM: To investigate the relationship between early motor repertoire, assessed using the General Movements Optimality Score - Revised (GMOS-R), and motor outcomes at 1, 2 and 5-years' corrected age (CA) in infants born <30 weeks' gestation.
METHODS: This prospective cohort study included General Movement Assessments recorded at 34 weeks' post menstrual age (PMA) (n = 76) and term equivalent age (n = 66) in infants born <30 weeks' gestation (mean gestational age 27.6 weeks, standard deviation 1.4; 53% male). Early motor repertoire was assessed using the GMOS-R. Motor outcomes were measured using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) and Neurosensory Motor Developmental Assessment (NSMDA) at 1-year CA; the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition motor composite score and/or cerebral palsy at 2-years' CA; and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition and/or cerebral palsy at 5-years' CA.
RESULTS: Higher GMOS-R scores at both 34 weeks' PMA and term equivalent age were associated with better motor outcomes at 1-year CA (34-weeks: AIMS regression coefficient = 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.05, 0.65, p = 0.02; term equivalent age: regression coefficient = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.14, 0.86, p = 0.01; NSMDA regression coefficient = -0.17, 95% CI = -0.30, -0.03, p = 0.01; term equivalent age: regression coefficient = -0.20, 95% CI = -0.36, -0.04, p = 0.02). However, there was limited evidence of an association between GMOS-R scores and motor outcomes at 2- and 5-years' CA.
CONCLUSION: Higher GMOS-R scores during the preterm and term period are associated with better motor outcomes at 1-year CA in infants born <30 weeks' gestation, suggesting potential value for early identification of risk of motor delay and subsequent direction of early intervention. This relationship, however, was not evident at 2 and 5-years' CA.
METHODS: This prospective cohort study included General Movement Assessments recorded at 34 weeks' post menstrual age (PMA) (n = 76) and term equivalent age (n = 66) in infants born <30 weeks' gestation (mean gestational age 27.6 weeks, standard deviation 1.4; 53% male). Early motor repertoire was assessed using the GMOS-R. Motor outcomes were measured using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) and Neurosensory Motor Developmental Assessment (NSMDA) at 1-year CA; the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition motor composite score and/or cerebral palsy at 2-years' CA; and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition and/or cerebral palsy at 5-years' CA.
RESULTS: Higher GMOS-R scores at both 34 weeks' PMA and term equivalent age were associated with better motor outcomes at 1-year CA (34-weeks: AIMS regression coefficient = 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.05, 0.65, p = 0.02; term equivalent age: regression coefficient = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.14, 0.86, p = 0.01; NSMDA regression coefficient = -0.17, 95% CI = -0.30, -0.03, p = 0.01; term equivalent age: regression coefficient = -0.20, 95% CI = -0.36, -0.04, p = 0.02). However, there was limited evidence of an association between GMOS-R scores and motor outcomes at 2- and 5-years' CA.
CONCLUSION: Higher GMOS-R scores during the preterm and term period are associated with better motor outcomes at 1-year CA in infants born <30 weeks' gestation, suggesting potential value for early identification of risk of motor delay and subsequent direction of early intervention. This relationship, however, was not evident at 2 and 5-years' CA.