Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2025
Adherence to Strength Training and Lower Rates of Sports Injury in Contact Sports: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
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Chen Zhengxiang, Wang Jinghui, Zhao Kewei, He Guangze
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Injury prevention is very important for athletes, and studies have been carried out to better inform effective means of injury prevention. Strength training has long been recognized as important for preventing sports injuries. But until now, there has been debate about the proper application of strength training to prevent injuries, especially for different types of injury.
PURPOSE: To compare the effects of single-component and multicomponent strength training on the prevention of different types of injuries and to provide reference for the future design of injury prevention programs (IPPs).
STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 1.
METHODS: Five databases were searched in August 2024. The main inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials on use of an IPP that included strength training with a primary outcome of sports injury rate. The initial search resulted in 3583 articles, which were filtered to 16 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Extracted data were subjected to meta-analysis using a random-effects model, and subanalysis was carried out to explore the efficacy of different component strength IPPs in mitigating injuries at different locations in the body.
RESULTS: The pooled results based on total injuries showed that strength IPPs had a statistically significant reduction in injury relative risk (RR) of 0.70 (95% CI, 0.60-0.82). Subgroup analysis showed that single-component strength training significantly reduced groin injuries (RR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.51-0.93) and hamstring injuries (RR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.25-0.55). In addition, multicomponent strength training significantly reduced knee injuries (RR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51-0.98) and ankle injuries (RR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.52-0.89).
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that different-component strength IPPs have differential preventive effects on sports injury because of different target sites. The reason may be that the anatomic structure and motor function of the target sites are different. We can determine the vulnerable locations according to the different characteristics of the sports and select different component strength IPPs according to the characteristics of the target sites.
REGISTRATION: CRD42023478807 (PROSPERO).
PURPOSE: To compare the effects of single-component and multicomponent strength training on the prevention of different types of injuries and to provide reference for the future design of injury prevention programs (IPPs).
STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 1.
METHODS: Five databases were searched in August 2024. The main inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials on use of an IPP that included strength training with a primary outcome of sports injury rate. The initial search resulted in 3583 articles, which were filtered to 16 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Extracted data were subjected to meta-analysis using a random-effects model, and subanalysis was carried out to explore the efficacy of different component strength IPPs in mitigating injuries at different locations in the body.
RESULTS: The pooled results based on total injuries showed that strength IPPs had a statistically significant reduction in injury relative risk (RR) of 0.70 (95% CI, 0.60-0.82). Subgroup analysis showed that single-component strength training significantly reduced groin injuries (RR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.51-0.93) and hamstring injuries (RR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.25-0.55). In addition, multicomponent strength training significantly reduced knee injuries (RR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51-0.98) and ankle injuries (RR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.52-0.89).
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that different-component strength IPPs have differential preventive effects on sports injury because of different target sites. The reason may be that the anatomic structure and motor function of the target sites are different. We can determine the vulnerable locations according to the different characteristics of the sports and select different component strength IPPs according to the characteristics of the target sites.
REGISTRATION: CRD42023478807 (PROSPERO).