Attapulgite-modified organic compost effectively reduces soil nutrient loss and enhances microbial interactions.

Improving the utilization of agricultural biological waste resources is a critical issue. This study initially assessed the effects of adding attapulgite to vegetable compost. Additionally, the study investigated the effects of attapulgite-modified compost on soil nutrient release and microbial community changes through nutrient loss experiments. Results indicated that adding attapulgite increased compost humification, significantly promoted humic acid synthesis, and improved the aromaticity and structural stability of humus. Attapulgite-modified organic fertilizer effectively retains soil nutrients, improves soil urease and alkaline phosphatase activities, and promotes microbial activity, synergy, and carbohydrate metabolism, with a 30 % increase in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity. ASV78 and ASV292 were highly sensitive to soil nutrient changes and may play a crucial role in regulating soil element cycling. This study provides valuable insights into the enhancement and application of clay minerals in composting, thereby improving the resource utilization of biological waste.