Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie · 2026
Description of antibiotic prophylaxis practices in pediatric congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract.
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Germier Guillaume, Tran Tu Anh, Morin Denis, Jeziorski Eric, Maio Massimo Di, Filleron Anne
Аннотация
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of our retrospective, descriptive study was to investigate practices at the University Hospitals of Nîmes and Montpellier regarding antibiotic prophylaxis for patients aged 1 to 3 years with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). The secondary objective was to describe the clinical, microbiological, and therapeutic characteristics of this population of children.
METHODS: Patients were selected from the hospital records of all children who underwent a cystography at Nîmes and Montpellier University Hospitals between 01/01/2019 and 31/12/2021.
RESULTS: Of the 79 patients with Grade 3 or higher vesicoureteral reflux (VUR3+), 86.8 % were treated with antibiotic prophylaxis (93.9 % with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and 6.1 % with cefaclor). Of the 97 patients with other CAKUT, 47.3 % received an antibiotic prophylaxis (84.1 % with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and 15.9 % with cefaclor). The percentages of patients who presented 1 or more febrile UTIs in the VUR3+ group with antibiotic prophylaxis and without prophylaxis were 84.8 % and 90.9 %, respectively. In the VUR3+ group, there was no significant difference between patients with antibiotic prophylaxis or not (p-value = 1) for having at least one episode of febrile UTI.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on our observational (real-world) data, there is no evidence for the benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis in children with VUR or other CAKUT.
METHODS: Patients were selected from the hospital records of all children who underwent a cystography at Nîmes and Montpellier University Hospitals between 01/01/2019 and 31/12/2021.
RESULTS: Of the 79 patients with Grade 3 or higher vesicoureteral reflux (VUR3+), 86.8 % were treated with antibiotic prophylaxis (93.9 % with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and 6.1 % with cefaclor). Of the 97 patients with other CAKUT, 47.3 % received an antibiotic prophylaxis (84.1 % with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and 15.9 % with cefaclor). The percentages of patients who presented 1 or more febrile UTIs in the VUR3+ group with antibiotic prophylaxis and without prophylaxis were 84.8 % and 90.9 %, respectively. In the VUR3+ group, there was no significant difference between patients with antibiotic prophylaxis or not (p-value = 1) for having at least one episode of febrile UTI.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on our observational (real-world) data, there is no evidence for the benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis in children with VUR or other CAKUT.