Ectrodactyly in a Chinese patient born to a mother with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

NMOSD develops primarily in women of childbearing age, and several previous studies have shown that the disorder may increase the risk of miscarriage. However, there are no reports, to our knowledge, of fetal malformation, other than neonatal hydrocephalus, related to NMOSD. We report a 30-year-old woman who experienced recurrent neuritis and who was seropositive for AQP4-IgG. She became pregnant, and the fetus was found to have ectrodactyly. Histological analysis of the placenta showed moderate inflammatory infiltration; however, whether fetal malformation in NMOSD is related to inflammation and AQP4-IgG remains to be determined.