Effectiveness of rehabilitation nursing in preventing deep venous thrombosis in fracture patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a common and severe complication in fracture patients, necessitating effective preventive measures. Rehabilitation nursing is increasingly recognized for its potential benefits in DVT prevention. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation nursing compared to routine nursing in preventing DVT among fracture patients.

METHODS

A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including CNKI, WangFang, Chinese Medical Journal, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The selection process followed PRISMA guidelines, resulting in 11 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses were performed to determine pooled risk ratios (RR) for DVT incidence and nursing satisfaction rates, with heterogeneity assessed using Chi² and I² statistics. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots.

RESULTS

The meta-analysis of 11 studies demonstrated a significant reduction in DVT risk with rehabilitation nursing compared to routine nursing (pooled RR = 0.20, 95 % CI: 0.11, 0.36; p < 0.00001), with minimal heterogeneity (I² = 0 %). Subgroup analyses by fracture location revealed significant DVT risk reductions in both spine (RR = 0.13, 95 % CI: 0.05, 0.35; p < 0.0001) and lower limb fractures (RR = 0.27, 95 % CI: 0.12, 0.61; p = 0.001), with no heterogeneity observed. Additionally, the nursing satisfaction rate was significantly higher in the rehabilitation nursing group (pooled RR = 1.25, 95 % CI: 1.16, 1.36; p < 0.00001). Funnel plots indicated minimal publication bias.

CONCLUSIONS

Rehabilitation nursing significantly reduces the risk of DVT and enhances nursing satisfaction in fracture patients compared to routine nursing. These findings support the integration of rehabilitation nursing into standard care practices for fracture patients to mitigate DVT risk and improve overall patient outcomes. Further research with larger sample sizes and diverse populations is warranted to corroborate these results.