Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025
Linear Regression Algorithm for Male Nipple-Areolar Complex Anthropometry and Placement, Using Body Mass Index.
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López Jesús Octavio Lugo, Arzac Rodrigo Menéndez, García Miguel Alexander Cálix, Treviño Alejandra Rivas, García-Jiménez Jafet
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: The nipple-areolar complex (NAC) is important from an aesthetic and functional standpoint for both sexes; however, methodology for NAC placement in men is less established. The objectives of this research are to determine normal measurements for NAC in the male Mexican population, its association with body mass index (BMI), and age, as well as presenting a reliable linear regression model for preoperative planning and placement.
METHODS: This study was carried out on the male population of the State of Mexico. NAC anthropometry was performed on 385 adult males. Descriptive statistics were used to determine measures of central tendency and dispersion. Spearman correlation test was performed in order to evaluate the linear association between age and BMI with anthropometry, and a linear regression model was generated for the measured variables. Finally, the predicted and measured values were compared.
RESULTS: BMI is strongly correlated with NAC anthropometry, an association that is independent from age. NAC diameter was also independent from BMI and age, 2.25 cm being the average.
CONCLUSION: We provide the anthropometric values obtained, and a linear regression equation which might be used in preoperative planning to determine optimal NAC placement. This method covers a wide range of BMI and age values.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
METHODS: This study was carried out on the male population of the State of Mexico. NAC anthropometry was performed on 385 adult males. Descriptive statistics were used to determine measures of central tendency and dispersion. Spearman correlation test was performed in order to evaluate the linear association between age and BMI with anthropometry, and a linear regression model was generated for the measured variables. Finally, the predicted and measured values were compared.
RESULTS: BMI is strongly correlated with NAC anthropometry, an association that is independent from age. NAC diameter was also independent from BMI and age, 2.25 cm being the average.
CONCLUSION: We provide the anthropometric values obtained, and a linear regression equation which might be used in preoperative planning to determine optimal NAC placement. This method covers a wide range of BMI and age values.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .