Radiography (London, England : 1995) · 2026
Targeted contrast agents for breast cancer imaging: A systematic review of nanoparticle, quantum dot, and ultrasound platforms.
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Jubair H
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Traditional imaging techniques for breast cancer often lack the molecular specificity required to differentiate tumor subtypes and guide targeted therapy. This systematic review aims to evaluate how emerging contrast agents specifically resolve the diagnostic limitations of conventional breast cancer imaging modalities.
METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed articles published between January 2013 and March 2025. Inclusion criteria focused on targeted contrast agents with experimental validation in breast cancer models. After screening, 26 studies were included for qualitative synthesis.
RESULTS: From the synthesis of the 26 included articles, three primary themes emerged addressing modality limitations: nanoparticle platforms, quantum dot systems, and ultrasound contrast agents. The reviewed data demonstrates that nanoparticles and quantum dots overcome the low specificity of traditional MRI and CT by providing high molecular targeting for aggressive subtypes, such as TNBC and HER2-positive tumors. However, the clinical translation of these inorganic particles is limited by heavy metal toxicity and long-term bioaccumulation. Alternatively, targeted ultrasound lipid nanobubbles address the need for safer, non-ionizing real-time imaging, though they face limitations regarding short in vivo half-lives and variable stability.
CONCLUSION: Targeted contrast agents offer significant advancements in diagnostic precision and theranostic potential over conventional breast imaging. To transition these technologies into clinical radiography practice, future research must prioritize the development of biodegradable, biosafe nanoplatforms to overcome current toxicity and accumulation barriers.
IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The integration of targeted contrast agents will require radiographers to adapt to dynamic imaging protocols, manage novel patient safety profiles, and actively participate in ionizing radiation dose optimization utilizing high-attenuation materials.
METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed articles published between January 2013 and March 2025. Inclusion criteria focused on targeted contrast agents with experimental validation in breast cancer models. After screening, 26 studies were included for qualitative synthesis.
RESULTS: From the synthesis of the 26 included articles, three primary themes emerged addressing modality limitations: nanoparticle platforms, quantum dot systems, and ultrasound contrast agents. The reviewed data demonstrates that nanoparticles and quantum dots overcome the low specificity of traditional MRI and CT by providing high molecular targeting for aggressive subtypes, such as TNBC and HER2-positive tumors. However, the clinical translation of these inorganic particles is limited by heavy metal toxicity and long-term bioaccumulation. Alternatively, targeted ultrasound lipid nanobubbles address the need for safer, non-ionizing real-time imaging, though they face limitations regarding short in vivo half-lives and variable stability.
CONCLUSION: Targeted contrast agents offer significant advancements in diagnostic precision and theranostic potential over conventional breast imaging. To transition these technologies into clinical radiography practice, future research must prioritize the development of biodegradable, biosafe nanoplatforms to overcome current toxicity and accumulation barriers.
IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The integration of targeted contrast agents will require radiographers to adapt to dynamic imaging protocols, manage novel patient safety profiles, and actively participate in ionizing radiation dose optimization utilizing high-attenuation materials.