Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2026
Psychosocial Predictors of Spinal Cord Injury Pain: The Canadian Spinal Cord Injury Pain Survey.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Buren Robert C, Noguchi Kenneth S, Holtzman Susan, Martin Ginis Kathleen A
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationships between sociodemographics, injury characteristics, personality traits, and emotions with pain severity and interference using data from the Canadian Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Pain Survey.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional community-based survey.
SETTING: An online survey.
PARTICIPANTS: A total of 200 English-speaking adults (≥18 years old) with noncongenital SCI living in Canada (mean age ± SD, 51±14 years; 51% men) were recruited through the SCI community and research organizations.
INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pain severity and interference were measured using the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form subscales. Hierarchical blocks of predictor variables included: (1) sociodemographics; (2) injury characteristics; and psychosocial variables comprising (3) personality traits and (4) emotions.
RESULTS: For pain severity, age was the only significant predictor in the final model (β=0.04; 95% CI, 0.008, 0.072; P=.015). Psychosocial variables (blocks 3 and 4 combined) contributed additional variance (ΔR²=0.02-0.05) but did not significantly improve model fit (P>.05), indicating that psychosocial factors did not meaningfully predict pain severity. The final model explained 19.7% of the variance in pain severity (adjusted R²=0.09, P=.03), corresponding to a small to medium effect size (Cohen's f²≈.10). For pain interference, age (β=0.05; 95% CI, 0.018, 0.081; P=.002), anger (β=0.05; 95% CI, 0.005, 0.099; P=.029), and depression (β=0.07; 95% CI, 0.010, 0.123; P=.022) were statistically significant predictors. Psychosocial variables explained additional variance (ΔR²≈0.11, P<.05), supporting the hypothesis that psychosocial factors meaningfully contribute to pain interference. The final model explained 38.2% of the variance in pain interference (adjusted R²=0.30, P<.001), reflecting a very large effect size (Cohen's f²≈0.62).
CONCLUSIONS: Psychosocial variables, particularly emotions, are associated with pain interference but not severity in people with SCI. These factors appear more important than injury-related characteristics and highlight potentially modifiable targets for intervention and self-management, and support the integration of psychosocial treatment in SCI pain care.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional community-based survey.
SETTING: An online survey.
PARTICIPANTS: A total of 200 English-speaking adults (≥18 years old) with noncongenital SCI living in Canada (mean age ± SD, 51±14 years; 51% men) were recruited through the SCI community and research organizations.
INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pain severity and interference were measured using the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form subscales. Hierarchical blocks of predictor variables included: (1) sociodemographics; (2) injury characteristics; and psychosocial variables comprising (3) personality traits and (4) emotions.
RESULTS: For pain severity, age was the only significant predictor in the final model (β=0.04; 95% CI, 0.008, 0.072; P=.015). Psychosocial variables (blocks 3 and 4 combined) contributed additional variance (ΔR²=0.02-0.05) but did not significantly improve model fit (P>.05), indicating that psychosocial factors did not meaningfully predict pain severity. The final model explained 19.7% of the variance in pain severity (adjusted R²=0.09, P=.03), corresponding to a small to medium effect size (Cohen's f²≈.10). For pain interference, age (β=0.05; 95% CI, 0.018, 0.081; P=.002), anger (β=0.05; 95% CI, 0.005, 0.099; P=.029), and depression (β=0.07; 95% CI, 0.010, 0.123; P=.022) were statistically significant predictors. Psychosocial variables explained additional variance (ΔR²≈0.11, P<.05), supporting the hypothesis that psychosocial factors meaningfully contribute to pain interference. The final model explained 38.2% of the variance in pain interference (adjusted R²=0.30, P<.001), reflecting a very large effect size (Cohen's f²≈0.62).
CONCLUSIONS: Psychosocial variables, particularly emotions, are associated with pain interference but not severity in people with SCI. These factors appear more important than injury-related characteristics and highlight potentially modifiable targets for intervention and self-management, and support the integration of psychosocial treatment in SCI pain care.