Neonatal group B streptococcal infection.

Group B streptococcus is now recognized as a major cause of serious neonatal infection. Between January 1973 and July 1979 35 infants with 'early onset' group B streptococcal infection were admitted to the Special Nursery, Aberdeen Maternity Hospital. Ten infants died, nine of whom were of low birth weight. Current research is directed towards defining 'high risk' groups and establishing an effective means of prevention. The concept of early administration of antibiotics to 'high risk' infants, particularly those of low birth weight, is recommended. While there is already evidence in support of the effectiveness of such an antibiotic policy, the nature of protective immunity and the place of immunoprophylaxis have yet to be clarified. Analysis of our data suggests that vaginal carriage of group B streptococcus is not associated with the mother's blood group but there appears to be an increased incidence of neonatal group B streptococcal infection in infants of mothers of blood group B.