[Cardiac surgery for renal failure patients;operative and postoperative management].

Chronic kidney disease( CKD) is defined as one of the major risk factors affecting postoperative morbidity and mortality after cardiovascular surgery, and CKD accounts for approximately 9.2~13.7% of the patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery in Japan according to the reports from Japan Adult Cardiovascular Surgery Database (JACVSD). The recent concept on renal dysfunction, recent discussions on the choice of operative procedures[ off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting( CABG)[OPCAB] vs on-pump CABG, bioprosthesis vs mechanical valve prosthesis] and peri-operative managements( electrolyte control, pharmacological management) are also introduced in the text.