Efficacy and safety of ovarian vein embolization with N-butyl-2 cyanoacrylate for pelvic venous disorder: Analysis of 100 cases.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ovarian vein embolization using N-butyl-2 cyanoacrylate (NBCA) for treating pelvic venous disorder-associated chronic pelvic pain.

METHODS

This retrospective study analyzed 100 patients who underwent ovarian vein embolization with NBCA at a single institution between February 2018 and June 2024. Pelvic venous insufficiency was confirmed by duplex ultrasound and abdominal computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, and NBCA was the sole embolic agent. Pain levels were assessed pre- and post-procedure using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in three categories: pain on standing, dyspareunia, and menstrual pain. Follow-up included clinical evaluation and VAS scoring at 1 to 3 months and annually. Statistical analysis determined the significance of pain reduction.

RESULTS

Technical success was achieved in all cases, with complete occlusion of the target veins. Clinical success was observed in most patients, with significant improvement in VAS scores across all categories (P < .05). Due to symptom recurrence, four patients (4%) required reintervention during follow-up. No NBCA-related complications were reported.

CONCLUSIONS

In our study, ovarian vein embolization with NBCA appears to be a safe and effective treatment for pelvic venous disorder-associated chronic pelvic pain, providing significant pain relief. Additionally, it offers advantages over permanent metal implants such as the potential for gradual polymer degradation over time and avoiding interference in future imaging studies.