Alcohol and Drug Testing in Motor Vehicle Crashes.

Alcohol-impairment is a leading cause of motor vehicle crash injuries and fatalities. It has also come to light in recent years that driving under the influence of drugs is becoming more and more prevalent and also contributes to motor vehicle crash injuries and fatalities. This review describes the effects of alcohol and commonly used drugs (hallucinogens,stimulants, etc) on driving capabilities, and the matrices and tests used to detect these analytes in motor vehicle drivers, pedestrians, and motorcycle drivers.