Flavonoid constituents, antidiabetic and hepatoprotective activity of the aerial parts of Lupinus digitatus.

This study aims to investigate the flavonoid constituents of the aerial parts of Lupinus digitatus Forssk. The profile of flavonoid metabolites present in the Egyptian wild Lupinus digitatus was established using LC-ESI-TOF-MS systems. Thirty-nine metabolites were tentatively identified and categorised into various flavonoid subclasses. The α-amylase inhibition percentages of the hexane and ethanol extracts of L. digitatus were evaluated at various concentrations. Hexane and ethanol extracts exhibited weak α-amylase inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 126.88 and 926.01 µg/mL, respectively compared with acarbose (IC50 of 14.54 µg/mL). The in vitro hepatoprotective activities of the hexane and ethanol extracts were evaluated at various concentrations in the HepG2 cell line using the MTT assay. The ethanol and hexane extracts demonstrated modest protective effects, yielding IC50 values of 136.15 and 409.5 μg/mL, respectively, whereas the reference standard, silymarin, exhibited an IC50 of 44.36 μg/mL.