Biomarkers in Fetomaternal Tolerance.

Multiple mechanisms of tolerance operate in the immune cross-talk at the fetomaternal interface, contributing to successful pregnancy outcome. The cross-talk includes interaction between various cell subsets and between cytokines and molecules of the endocrine system. A depiction of how all these components interact with each other and contribute to tolerance of the fetus is not clearly understood. Dysregulation in one or more of these mechanisms leads to fetal loss. Few effective biomarkers are available that can safely predict fetal loss. This review discusses some potential biomarkers that can predict failure of tolerance at the fetomaternal interface.