Combined endovascular and surgical repair of a large traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the thigh-a case report.

Thigh pseudoaneurysms are rare compared to pseudoaneurysms of the groin, and usually result from direct injury to an arterial branch. Direct open repair can be associated with a large volume blood loss. The authors describe a combined endovascular and surgical approach to a large, traumatic, pseudoaneurysm of the thigh. The patient was a 49-year-old man with a history of left femur fracture treated by open reduction and internal fixation, who presented with a painfully swollen left thigh. Duplex ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) scan suggested a large (7.7 x 5.0 x 6.3 cm) pseudoaneurysm that appeared to be associated with a branch of the deep femoral artery. In the operating room, angiography was used to identify and selectively access the feeding artery. This artery was then successfully coil embolized, allowing surgical decompression of the thigh with minimal effort and blood loss. Endovascular and surgical therapy were complementary in successfully treating a large traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the thigh.