The Role of Blood Count-Derived Inflammatory Indices in the Short-Term Prediction of Delivery in Women With Threatened Preterm Labor.

OBJECTIVES

To investigate the association between inflammatory indices derived from complete blood count (CBC) and delivery within 1 week for threatened preterm labor (tPTL) in order to contribute to the management algorithm for women with tPTL.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women with a singleton pregnancy and tPTL admitted to a large tertiary referral hospital between October 1, 2022, and May 31, 2023. After exclusion, the study groups were formed with 42 women who gave birth within 1 week of admission (group 1) and 84 women who gave birth later than 1 week after admission (group 2). The comparison focused mainly on whether there was a difference between the two groups in the systemic immune inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), and pan-immune inflammation value (PIV), as well as other inflammatory indices.

RESULTS

Monocyte count, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), SIRI, and PIV were significantly higher in group 1 (p = 0.038, 0.019, 0.029, and 0.037, respectively) and receiver operating characteristics curve analysis for discriminatory power to predict PTB within 1 week revealed area under the curve values of 0.613, 0.628, 0.620, and 0.614, respectively. The overall predictive power showed no significant superiority between the individual parameters.

CONCLUSIONS

Our preliminary results showed an association between increased inflammatory indices and an increased risk of delivery within 1 week in women with tPTL. In particular, SIRI and PIV with cut-off values of >4.3 × 103/µL and >677 × 106/µL2 respectively may facilitate decision-making in the management algorithm for women with tPTL. Further randomized controlled trials with a larger cohort are needed to better define efficacy and limitations.