The association of Maternal obesity with cesarean section and macrosomia outcomes among Moroccan women from the province of kenitra, Morocco.

Introduction Obesity is a common problem with increasing prevalence and health consequences. In pregnant patients, its impact seems equally worrying affecting large population. Some obesity complications in pregnant women have not been examined, in particular link with fetal macrosomia. Aim: The study aimed to assess the obesity factor associated with cesarean section and birth-weight infants. Methods In a retrospective study, 174 women were recorder in the period from 2021 to 2022 in the Hospital El Idrissi of Kenitra, Morocco. For each patient, age, newborn weight, number of grosses, body mass index (BMI) prepregnancy and before delivering were recorded, univariate and bivariate analyses was performed for all parameters. Results The occurrence of maternal complications during attempted vaginal delivery of a child weighing more than 4000 g is 6%. Risk factors for maternal complications, in addition to the child's birth weight (p=0.004, attributable risk (AR)=10%), are the mother's origin (p=0.04; AR=3%), a long duration of labor (p=0.02; AR=12%), and a cesarean section during labor (p=0.004; AR=17%). Multiparous patients who had already given birth vaginally to a macrosomic child had a reduced risk of maternal complications (p=0.03). The prevalence of obesity was 2% (p<0.001). Obesity was significantly associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery and macrosomia (p<0.0001). The prevalence of macrosomia remained higher in the overweight group than in the normal weight group (aOR=2.01, 95% CI: 1.13-3.58, p<0.05). Conclusion The study shows a significant relationship between obesity and macrosomia outcome in Moroccan women.