Outcomes After Induction of Labor Compared With Dilation and Evacuation for the Management of Rupture of Membranes in the Second Trimester.

Previable and periviable rupture of membranes is associated with significant morbidity for the pregnant patient. For those who have a choice of options and undergo active management, it is not known how the risks of induction of labor compare with those for dilation and evacuation (D&E). We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with rupture of membranes between 14 0/7 and 23 6/7 weeks of gestation who opted for active management. Adverse events (52.2% vs 16.9%, P <.01) and time to uterine evacuation greater than 24 hours (26.7% vs 9.6%, P =.01) were more common among patients undergoing induction of labor. In a multivariable regression, induction of labor was an independent risk factor for complications (odds ratio 5.70, 95% CI, 2.35-13.82) compared with D&E. Severe complications were rare across both groups (4.4% for patients undergoing induction vs 2.6% for D&E, P =.63). Given the differing risks by termination method, access to D&E is an important treatment option for this patient population.