Adrenoreceptors in the human penis.

1. Adrenaline, noradrenaline and phenylephrine caused contraction of the corpus cavernosum muscle of the human penis. These sympathomimetic amines did not product inhibitory effects even in the presence of the alpha-adrenoreceptor blocker, phentolamine. The effect of dopamine was similar to that produced by these three sympathomimetic amines. Higher doses of isoprenaline and salbutamol also contracted this preparation. 2. Cocaine and guanethidine enhanced the motor response to adrenaline, noradrenaline and phenylephrine while the action of dopamine was blocked by these two drugs. 3. The motor response to adrenaline, noradrenaline and phenylephrine was antagonized by phentolamine and often potentiated by the beta-adrenoreceptors blocking drug, propranolol. The contractions produced by high doses of salbutamol and isoprenaline were also abolished by phentolamine. These findings indicate that the motor response to sympathomimetic amines is the result of activation of alpha-adrenoreceptors in the corpus cavernosum muscle. 4. At low doses, isoprenaline and salbutamol relaxed the corpus cavernosum muscle strip. The inhibitory action was blocked by low concentrations of the beta-adrenoreceptor antagonist, propranolol but not by practolol (beta 1-adrenoreceptor antagonist) and butoxamine (beta 2-adrenoreceptor antagonist). beta-adrenoreceptors are present in the corpus cavernosum muscle but these are unlikely to be either of the beta 1 or beta 2 type. The possible existence of a third type of beta-adrenoreceptor is suggested.