Features of the proteo-peptidome composition and the inf l uence of the scorpion venom toxins on the structure of the heart of mammals (review).

OBJECTIVE

Aim: To determine the profound inf l uence of scorpion venom toxins on the intricate structure of the heart of mammals, a topic of utmost importance in toxicology and cardiovascular health.

PATIENTS AND

METHODS

Materials and

Methods

A meticulous and comprehensive literature analysis was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. We meticulously selected the newest publications up to 5 years old or the most thorough publications that vividly described our topic's essence, ensuring our findings' credibility and reliability.

CONCLUSION

Conclusions

Scorpion venom is a complex of biologically active substances that have a wide range of effects on the vital systems of the victim's body. Violations of the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system occur both as a result of disorders of the conduction system of the heart and as a result of pronounced morphological changes in the tissues of the organ. In particular, the development of inf l ammatory processes of the myocardium, the formation of blood clots in the heart vessels, degeneration of myofibrils, fragmentation of fibres, haemorrhages, etc., are characteristic under these conditions. In addition, these changes are accompanied by the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis factors, and the development of OS.