Antigen reactivity defines tissue-resident memory and exhausted T cells in tumors.
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Burn Thomas N, Schröder Jan, Gandolfo Luke C, Osman Maleika, Wainwright Elanor N, Lam Enid Y N, McDonald Keely M, Evans Rachel B, Li Shihan, Rawlinson Daniel, Dryburgh Lachlan, Zaid Ali, Maliga Zoltan, Schienstock Dominick, Meiser Philippa, Lee Hyun Jae, Lai Hongjin, Moreira Marcela L, Zareie Pirooz, Lee Louis H-Y, Huq Lutfi, Christo Susan N, Seow Justine J W, Ching Keith A, Guillaume Stéphane M, Knezevic Kathy, Park Simone L, Evrard Maximilien, Waithman Jason, Gebhardt Thomas, Mueller Scott N, Riddiough Georgina E, Perini Marcos V, Tsao Simon C H, Speed Terence P, Sorger Peter K, Loi Sherene, Carbone Francis R, Gras Stephanie, Fisher Timothy S, Baaten Bas J, Dawson Mark A, Mackay Laura K
Аннотация
CD8+ T cells are an important weapon in the therapeutic armamentarium against cancer. While CD8+CD103+ T cells with a tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cell phenotype are associated with favorable prognoses, the tumor microenvironment also contains dysfunctional exhausted T (TEX) cells that exhibit a variety of TRM-like features. Here we deconvolute TRM and TEX cells across human cancers, ascribing markers and gene signatures that distinguish these populations and enable their functional distinction. Although TRM cells have superior functionality and are associated with long-term survival post-tumor resection, they are not associated with responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade. Tumor-associated TEX and TRM cells are clonally distinct, with the latter comprising tumor-independent bystanders and tumor-specific cells segregated from cognate antigen. Intratumoral TRM cells can be forced toward an exhausted fate when chronic antigen stimulation occurs, indicating that the presence or absence of continuous antigen exposure within the microenvironment is the key distinction between tumor-associated TEX and TRM populations. These results highlight unique functions for TRM and TEX cells in tumor control, underscoring the need for distinct strategies to harness these populations for cancer therapies.