The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2019
Cleft Palate Outcomes and Prognostic Impact of Palatal Fistula on Subsequent Velopharyngeal Function-A Retrospective Cohort Study.
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Smyth Alistair G, Wu Jianhua
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To assess outcomes from cleft palate repair and define the level of impact of palatal fistula on subsequent velopharyngeal function.
DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study.
SETTING: A regional specialist cleft lip and palate center within United Kingdom.
PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS: Nonsyndromic infants born between 2002 and 2009 undergoing cleft palate primary surgery by a single surgeon with audited outcomes at 5 years of age. Four hundred ten infants underwent cleft palate surgery within this period and 271 infants met the inclusion criteria.
INTERVENTIONS: Cleft palate repair including levator palati muscle repositioning with or without lateral palatal release.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Postoperative fistula development and velopharyngeal function at 5 years of age.
RESULTS: Lateral palatal incisions were required in 57% (156/271) of all cases. The fistula rate was 10.3% (28/271). Adequate palatal function with no significant velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) was achieved in 79% of patients (213/271) after primary surgery only. Palatal fistula was significantly associated with subsequent VPI (risk ratio = 3.03, 95% confidence interval: 1.95-4.69; P < .001). The rate of VPI increased from 18% to 54% when healing was complicated by fistula. Bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) repair complicated by fistula had the highest incidence of VPI (71%).
CONCLUSIONS: Cleft palate repair with levator muscle repositioning is an effective procedure with good outcomes. The prognostic impact of palatal fistula on subsequent velopharyngeal function is defined with a highly significant 3-fold increase in VPI. Early repair of palatal fistula should be considered, particularly for large fistula and in BCLP cases.
DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study.
SETTING: A regional specialist cleft lip and palate center within United Kingdom.
PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS: Nonsyndromic infants born between 2002 and 2009 undergoing cleft palate primary surgery by a single surgeon with audited outcomes at 5 years of age. Four hundred ten infants underwent cleft palate surgery within this period and 271 infants met the inclusion criteria.
INTERVENTIONS: Cleft palate repair including levator palati muscle repositioning with or without lateral palatal release.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Postoperative fistula development and velopharyngeal function at 5 years of age.
RESULTS: Lateral palatal incisions were required in 57% (156/271) of all cases. The fistula rate was 10.3% (28/271). Adequate palatal function with no significant velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) was achieved in 79% of patients (213/271) after primary surgery only. Palatal fistula was significantly associated with subsequent VPI (risk ratio = 3.03, 95% confidence interval: 1.95-4.69; P < .001). The rate of VPI increased from 18% to 54% when healing was complicated by fistula. Bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) repair complicated by fistula had the highest incidence of VPI (71%).
CONCLUSIONS: Cleft palate repair with levator muscle repositioning is an effective procedure with good outcomes. The prognostic impact of palatal fistula on subsequent velopharyngeal function is defined with a highly significant 3-fold increase in VPI. Early repair of palatal fistula should be considered, particularly for large fistula and in BCLP cases.