The role of psychological care in the treatment of gynecological disorders in girls and young women - an interdisciplinary perspective.

This review article explores the psychological dimension of gynecological disorders in girls and young women, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary approaches in medical care. Gynecological conditions such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and disorders of sex development (DSD) often co-occur with psychological challenges including depression, anxiety, body image issues, and identity-related stress. The chronic nature of symptoms, delayed diagnosis, and potential implications for fertility intensify the emotional burden, particularly during adolescence - a developmental stage crucial for self-esteem and identity formation. Psychological interventions such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), mindfulness, psychoeducation, and family support are reviewed for their therapeutic potential. The integration of psychologists into gynecological teams improves communication, treatment adherence, and emotional well-being. The paper also discusses the importance of tailored communication with young patients and their families, addressing stigma, and ensuring privacy and autonomy. Incorporating psychological care into gynecological treatment contributes to a holistic model that not only addresses physical symptoms but also enhances psychological resilience, quality of life, and long-term health outcomes. The authors advocate for routine psychological screening in gynecological settings and the implementation of interdisciplinary standards of care.